Nkhaniyi ifotokoza zamiyala yamtunduwu, ikufufuza zinthuzo ndikupanga, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi ntchito zachilengedwe komanso zokhazikika, chitetezo chamitundu, chitetezo, ndi malamulo owuma. Pakuona mitu iyi, timvetsetsa bwino za kufunika kwa kafukufuku wasayansi ndi ntchito yabotale, ndipo tifufuze mayendedwe amtsogolo ndi zovuta za chitukuko.

Ⅰ. Kusankha Zinthu

• PolyethyleneVS. Glaga: Ubwino ndi zoyipa zimafananiza

 ▶Polyethylene

Mwai 

1. Wopepuka komanso wosasweka mosavuta, woyenera kunyamula ndi kusamalira.

2. Mtengo wotsika, wosavuta kupanga.

3. Mankhwala abwino azamankhwala, sangatengere mankhwala ambiri.

4. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa zitsanzo zokhala ndi njira yotsika.

Kumanidwa

1. Zinthu za polyethylene zingayambitse kusokonekera kwa ma radiopes ena ailesi

2.Opachindulika kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuwunika zitsanzo.

▶ boga

         Mwai

1. Thirani labwino kwambiri pakuwona kusanthula zitsanzo

2. Ali ndi mgwirizano wabwino ndi ma radiose ambiri

3. Amachita bwino pa zitsanzo ndi wailesi yayitali ndipo sizisokoneza zotsatira za muyeso.

Kumanidwa

1. Magalasi ndi osalimba ndipo amafunikira kusamalira mosamala ndikusungira.

2. Mtengo wa zinthu zagalasi ndizokwera ndipo sizoyenera mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono a Prontrake pamlingo waukulu.

3. Zipangizo zamagalasi zimatha kusungunula kapena kuwonongeka mu mankhwala ena, zomwe zimayambitsa kuipitsa.

• MphamvuAmapangidwe aOTherMWakufayenda

▶ pulasitikiComsites

Kuphatikiza zabwino za ma polima ndi zida zina zolimbitsa (monga fiberglass), ili ndi ponseponse ndi kukhazikika kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kuwonekera.

▶ Zinthu Zosiyanasiyana

Kwa zitsanzo zotayika kapena zochitika zina, zinthu zodziwika bwino zitha kuganiziridwa kuti zichepetse zovuta zachilengedwe.

▶ BolymericMWakufayenda

Sankhani zida zoyenera za polypropylene, polyester, etc. Malinga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito mosafunikira kukwaniritsa zosagwirizana ndi mankhwala ndi zotsutsana.

Ndikofunikira kupanga ndikupanga mabotolo osokoneza bongo ndi kudalirika kwabwino ndi chitetezo poganizira zabwino ndi zosowa za malo ogwiritsira ntchito makina ogwiritsa ntchito kapena zochitika zina .

Ⅱ. Mawonekedwe okhala

• KusindikizidwaPchodzala

(1)Mphamvu ya Kukonzekerako ndikofunikira pakulondola kwa zotsatira zoyesera. Msuzi wopaka uwu uyenera kupewa kutaya kutaya kwa zinthu za radio kapena kulowa kwa zodetsa zakunja ku zitsanzo kuti zitsimikizire zotsatira zolondola.

(2)Kutengera kwa kusankha kwa zinthu pangozi.Mabotolo opangidwa ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi zinthu za polyethylene nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi magwiridwe abwino, koma pakhoza kukhala kusokonekera kwa zitsanzo za samu. Mosiyana ndi mabotolo opangidwa ndi zigawenga zopangidwa ndi zida zagalasi zimatha kupereka magwiridwe antchito abwino ndi kusowa kwa mankhwala, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera a zitsanzo zapamwamba.

(3)Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosindikizira ndi ukadaulo wosindikizira. Kuphatikiza pa kusankha kwa zinthu zakuthupi, ukadaulo kusindikizidwanso ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chikukhudza kugwira ntchito. Njira zofala zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo kuwonjezera galu la mphira mkati mwa botolo, pogwiritsa ntchito zipilala za pulasitiki, ndi zina. Njira yovomerezeka yolumikizira itha kusankhidwa malinga ndi zosowa zoyeserera.

• AIffeeh yaSize ndipoSHape yaSkuphunzitsaBOttotlesPphokosoAmalalanje

(1)Kusankhidwa kwa kukula kumakhudzana ndi kukula kwa botolo la scrintilotion.Kukula kapena kuthekera kwa botolo la scrintilotion kuyenera kutsimikizika malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zitsanzo zomwe zimayesedwa poyesa. Poyesera ndi zitsanzo zazing'ono zazing'ono, kusankha botolo laling'ono la kuchepa mphamvu kungapulumutse ndalama zothandiza komanso zitsanzo, ndikusintha luso.

(2)Mphamvu ya mawonekedwe osakanikirana ndi kuwonongeka.Kusiyana kwa mawonekedwe ndi pansi pa botolo la scrintillation kumathanso kusokoneza kusakanikirana pakati pa zitsanzo mkati mwa zitsanzo pakuyesa. Mwachitsanzo, botolo lozungulira limatha kukhala loyenera kusakanikirana ndi mabotolo a Oscillator, pomwe botolo lathyathyathya limakhala loyenera kuyeretsedwa kwamiyala.

(3)Ntchito Zotchuka. Mabotolo ena apadera owoneka bwino, monga pansi mapangidwe a pansi ndi ma porrooves kapena mizere, amatha kuwonjezera malo olumikizirana pakati pa zitsanzo ndikuwonjezera kumverera.

Popanga magwiridwe osindikizira, kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi kuchuluka kwa botolo la scremillation, zoyeserera zitha kuthandizidwa ndi kwakukulu, kuonetsetsa kudalirika komanso kudalirika kwa zotsatirapo zoyesera.

Ⅲ. Cholinga ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito

•  SwachigiridiReesearch

▶ MobisisopeMchiwonjezerero

(1)Kafukufuku wa Mankhwala a Nyukiliya: Zojambulajambula za scrintillation zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuyeza magawidwe ndi kagayidwe ka ma radiopes a radios mu zinthu zachilengedwe, monga kufalitsa ndi kufalitsa mankhwalawa ailesi. Metabolism ndi njira zodziwikiratu. Miyeso imeneyi ndi yofunika kwambiri yodziwitsa matenda, kudziwika ndi mankhwalawa, komanso chitukuko cha mankhwala atsopano.

(2)Kafukufuku wa nyukiliya: Mu zoyesa zamankhwala zam'madzi za nyukiliya zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa ntchito ndi kuwononga ma isotopees, kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a racletics, machitidwe a raclearms. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti mumvetsetse katundu ndi kusintha kwa zida za nyukiliya.

▶Dkuwononga

(1)MankwalaMetabolismReesearch: Ma Flassillation Slaves amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunika kagayidwe ka kagayikidwe ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo a mankhwala opanga zinthu. Izi Zimathandiza

Kuti muwone kusankhana kapena kutsegula mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuwunikira mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndikuwunikira mankhwala a pharmacokinetinetic.

(2)MankwalaAchipepuEkupeza mtengo: Mabotolo amitundu amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwunika kwachilengedwe ndi chilengedwe cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mwachitsanzo, poyesa betweeNilesi ya ailesi ndi mamolekyulu kuti ayesetse zotupa za anti-chotupa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

▶CAS monga DNASkufalikira

(1)Ukadaulo Waukadaulo: Mu Biology Biology ndi kafukufuku wamabotolo a genomics, mabotolo owonetsera scrintillans amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa zitsanzo za DNA kapena RNA zolembedwa ndi ma radiopes a radiopes. Tekinoloje yolemba mawuyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu SNA SEQRAING, RNA hybritization, mapuloteni-matenda acid acid

(2)Ukadaulo wa nucleic: Mabotolo mabotolo ojambula amagwiritsidwanso ntchito poyesa zizindikilo za ma radic mu eclic acid acid. Tekinoloji yambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira makonzedwe ake a DNA kapena RNA, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda a genomics ndi buku lofananira.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mabotolo osokoneza bongo pamayendedwe asayansi, izi zimapereka antchito ogwirira ntchito omwe ali ndi njira zolondola koma zolondola.

• Wogwira mu kampaniAmalalanje

▶PhammathucalIosanchry

(1)KulimaControne muDpoponderePkudulidwa: Mukamapanga mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mabotolo opangira zojambula amagwiritsidwa ntchito potsimikiza mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kudziwika ndi zida zojambula kuti zitsimikizire kuti mtundu wa mankhwala umafunikira miyezo. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyesa ntchito, kukhazikika, komanso kuyera kwa isotopees wa ma rayilesi, komanso kukhazikika kwa mankhwalawa omwe mankhwalawa amatha kukhalabe osiyanasiyana.

(2)Chitukuko ndiSkukhazikika kwaNew Dmabwibu: Mabotolo mabotolo ojambula amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti athe kupanga kagayidwe, mwaubwino, ndi toxology ya mankhwala. Izi zimathandizira kuwonetsera mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi kukonza kapangidwe kake, ndikufulumizitsa liwiro ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala atsopano a mankhwala.

▶ ewosakhazikikaMKuyambira

(1)ZanyenziPzilondaMKuyambira: Mabotolo awo ojambula amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuwunika kwachilengedwe, kusewera gawo lofunikira pakuyeza kuchuluka kwa zinthuzo ndi zodetsa zamagetsi mu nthaka, malo amadzi, ndi mpweya. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika kagawidwe ka zinthu ka radio zomwe zili, kuwonongeka kwa nyukiliya ku Chengdu, kuteteza moyo wa anthu komanso chitetezo cha katundu, komanso thanzi labwino.

(2)NukiliyaWonthaTKubwezeretsanso ndiMKuyambira: Mu makampani a nyukiliya, mabotolo ojambula amagwiritsidwanso ntchito powunikira ndikuyezera njira zowonongeka zamphamvu. Izi zikuphatikiza kuyeza ntchito ya zinyalala zojambula, kuwunika zotumphukira za radio zomwe zimachokera ku malo othandizira, ndi zina.

▶ zitsanzo zaAMa PPtatus mkatiOTherFma ridic

(1)KuchulukaReesearch: Zojambula zithunzi za scrintillation zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'munda wa geology kuti muyeze zomwe zili mu ma isotosopes a radie m'miyala, nthaka, ndi michere, komanso kuphunzira mbiri yadziko lapansi kudzera mwa mitundu yotsatira. Njira zam'madzi ndi Genesis za Madzi

(2) In aFchinyezi chaFoodIosanchry, mabotolo omwe amawapatulidwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza zomwe zili muzomwe zimapezeka pazakudya zamagetsi zomwe zimapangidwa m'makampani azakudya, kuti awone zovuta za chakudya.

(3)NyenziTwankhanza: Mabotolo mabotolo ojambulidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda wa madongosolo azachipatala kuchiritsa ma radiation mlingo womwe umapangidwa ndi zida zamagetsi, ndikuwonetsetsa kulondola komanso chitetezo panthawi yamankhwala.

Kudzera mu ntchito zambiri m'minda yosiyanasiyana monga mankhwala, kuwunikira zachilengedwe, zakudya, zina, ndi zilengedwe, ndikuwonetsetsa thanzi la anthu komanso zachilengedwe komanso zachilengedwe chitetezo.

Ⅳ. Mphamvu ya chilengedwe ndi kudalirika

• ChinthuSnsapato

▶ bordSchisankhoCKupitiliraSkuchirikiza

(1)AUse aRchootseMWakufayenda: Popanga mabotolo opanga mawonekedwe, zinthu zobwezeretsedwanso monga placegracs plastics kapena ma policlable obwezerezedwanso zimachitikanso kuchepetsa kudalirana popanda zothandizira ndikuchepetsa chilengedwe.

(2)KuyambiraSchisankho chaLow-carbonPollitMWakufayenda: Kuyambiranso kuyenera kuperekedwa kwa zida zotsika za kaboni popanga ndikupanga, monga kuchepetsa mphamvu zowononga ndi mphamvu zosokoneza.

(3) Kubwezeretsanso kwaMWakufayenda: Mu kapangidwe ka mabotolo ndi kapangidwe ka mabotolo owoneka bwino, kubwezeretsanso kwa zinthu kumawerengedwa kuti kumalimbikitsanso, pochepetsa zinyalala za zinyalala.

▶ImpactAsessment paPkudulidwaPmbalame

(1)UmoyoCmakulidweAsempho: Khazikitsani kuwunika kwa moyo pa kupanga mabotolo opanga mawonekedwe kuti awone ngati chilengedwe pakupanga zachilengedwe, kuphatikiza mpweya, zowonjezera zamadzi, ndi zina, kuti muchepetse zinthu zachilengedwe pakupanga.

(2) Dongosolo Lakunja: Kukhazikitsa makina oyang'anira zachilengedwe, monga mu ISO 14001 Makina Oyang'anira Zachilengedwe omwe amapereka mawonekedwe a mabungwe opangira mabungwe atchire ndikutsatira mosamalitsa kuti akupitilizabe kuchita zinthu zogwira ntchito zolimbitsa thupi), khazikitsani njira zoyendetsera chilengedwe, kuwunikira ndi kuwongolera Zowopsa za chilengedwe mukamapanga, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti njira yonse yopanga ikugwirizana ndi zofunikira zamalamulo ndi miyezo.

(3) KuthetsaCKusunga ndiEkwamanthaEnsaluImitengo: Mukamatsanzira njira ndi matekinoloje, kuchepetsa kutayika kwa zinthu zaiwisi ndi mphamvu, kukulitsa magetsi ndi mphamvu zothandizira bwino, ndipo potero zimachepetsa zoyipa za chilengedwe ndi mpweya wowonjezera pa ntchito.

Mukupanga mabotolo opanga zopatuka, pokambirana zinthu zokhazikika, kutengera zinthu zokhazikika, zopangidwa mwanzeru, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chilengedwe chikhale choyenera komanso chokhachokha.

• Gwiritsani gawo

WonthaMkudandaula

(1)ChakeDchiseya: Ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kutaya zinyalala mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito mabotolo osenda, kutaya mabotolo osiyidwa omwe adasankhidwa, ndikupewa kusokoneza kapena kusakanikirana ndi zinyalala zilizonse, zomwe zimatha kukhala ndi vuto la chilengedwe .

(2) KupatulaRecyculing: Mabotolo mabotolo ojambula nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zida zobwezeretsanso zobwezeretsa, monga galasi kapena polyethylene. Mabotolo osiyidwa ndi opaleshoni amatha kukhala otchulidwanso ndikuwunikidwanso kuti agwiritse ntchito ndalama zothandiza.

(3) ZoopsyaWonthaTkubwezera: Ngati zinthu zovulaza kapena zovulaza zasungidwa m'mabotolo osokoneza bongo, mabotolo otaya otaya amayenera kuthandizidwa ngati malamulo owopsa malinga ndi malamulo oyenera ndi kutsatira malamulo oyenera.

▶ Kubwezeretsedwanso ndiRleuse

(1)Kubwezeretsanso ndipoRwetala: Mabotolo a zinyalala a zinyalala amatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonzanso ndikubweza. Mabotolo ojambulidwa obwezeredwanso amatha kukonzedwa ndi mafakitale apadera ndi malo apadera, ndipo zida zimatha kuchotsedwa m'mabotolo atsopano kapena mapulasitiki ena.

(2)MalayaRleuse: Kubwezeredwanso mabotolo owoneka bwino ndipo osadetsedwa ndi zinthu zojambulajambula kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kukonzanso mabotolo atsopano osauka koma kukwaniritsa mabotolo ena ailesi ndipo alibe vuto la thupi ndipo alibe thupi Monga zida zopangira zinthu zina, monga zolembera, mabomba a tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi zina zambiri, kuti mukwaniritse ndalama zogwirizira zothandizira.

(3) KwezaSchosakhazikikaCkuvomera: Limbikitsani ogwiritsa ntchito kusankha njira zolewerera, monga kusankha mabotolo owunikira obwezeretsanso, kupewa mibadwo yapulasitiki yotayikitsa, kuchepetsa m'badwo wa zinyalala zotayika, kulimbikitsa chuma chozungulira komanso chitukuko chozungulira.

Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuwononga mabotolo owuma, kulimbikitsa kubwezeretsanso kwawo ndikugwiritsanso ntchito, kumachepetsa mphamvu yothandizapo komanso yolimbikitsanso kwa zinthu.

Ⅴ. Kupanga Ukadaulo

• Kukula Kwatsopano

BzonyansaMosasamala

(1)ChokhazikikaMWakufayenda: Poyankha chilengedwe chododometsa chomwe chimapangidwa mukamapanga zigawo zamimba, chitukuko cha zinthu zopanda pake monga zopangira zopangira tsopano ndi njira yofunika kwambiri. Zipangizo zosafunikira pang'onopang'ono pazinthu zomwe sizivulaza kwa anthu ndi chilengedwe chitatha moyo wawo, zimachepetsa kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe.

(2)MavutoFwokakamizidwa nthawiReSearch ndiDkhama: Zipangizo zofananira zimatha kukumana ndi zovuta pankhani yamakina, kukhazikika kwamankhwala, komanso ndalama. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupitiliza kukonza njira yaukadaulo ndi magwiridwe antchito a zinthu zophika kuti zithandizire kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zinthu zopanda ntchito ndikuwonjezera moyo wa ntchito zopangidwa ndi zinthu zopangidwa.

▶ InewosankhaDolowa

(1)KutaliMKuchita ndiSjochaIkuzengeleza: Mothandizidwa ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba wa senter, senter senter yowunikira komanso intaneti yowunikira imaphatikizidwa kuti muzindikire kuwunikira kwa nthawi yeniyeni, kusonkhanitsa deta ndi mwayi wofikira ku chiwonetsero cha chipembedzo. Kuphatikizidwa kwanzeru uku kumathandizanso kuyesera kokha, ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito sayansi ndi ukadaulo amathanso kuwunika njira zoyeserazo nthawi iliyonse ndikusintha ntchito, kusinthasintha ntchito zoyeserera, komanso kulondola Zotsatira zoyesera.

(2)MalipotiANalysisis ndiFleveback: Kutengera ndi zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa ndi zida zanzeru, kukulitsa macheza anzeru komanso zitsanzo, ndikuchita zenizeni ndi kusanthula kwa data. Mwa kusanthula mwanzeru kuyesa, ofufuza amatha kupeza zotsatira zoyeserera kwakanthawi, pangani zosintha ndi mayankho, ndipo imathandizira kupita patsogolo.

Kudzera mu chitukuko cha zinthu zatsopano komanso kuphatikiza kwa mabotolo mwaluso kumakhala msika wanzeru komanso kugwira ntchito, mosalekeza kumalimbikitsa zochita, luntha, komanso ntchito yokhazikika yogwira ntchito labotale.

• Makina ndiDiGitition

▶ MouzaSokwanaPKuyenda

(1)Mphamvu yaSokwanaPKuyendaPmbalame: Pakupanga mabotolo opangira zojambula ndi makonzedwe, zida zazokha ndi machitidwe amayambitsidwa, monga madzi ogulitsa, etc., kuti mukwaniritse makina osinthira. Zipangizo zodzipangira zokhazo zimatha kuthetsa ntchito zowoneka bwino za buku la zitsanzo, kusungunuka, kusakanikirana, ndikusintha njira yoyesera komanso yoyeserera.

(2)Cha mphamvu yake-yakeSkupangoSyentrumMalinga ndi dongosolo lokhalokha, limatha kukwaniritsa zopereka zokha ndi makonzedwe a zitsanzo, pokonzanso zolakwika zamagetsi ndikuwongolera liwiro loyeserera ndi kulondola. Njira yodziwitsa yokha iyi imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana ndi zoyeserera, monga kusanthula kwa mankhwala, kufufuza kwachilengedwe, ndi zina zambiri.

▶ DataMKudandaula ndiAnalysis

(1)Digitation ya zoyeserera: Digizani Kusungidwa ndi Kuyang'anira Zoyesa, ndikukhazikitsa dongosolo logwirizana la digito. Pogwiritsa ntchito makina oyang'anira a labotale a Laboratory kapena mapulogalamu oyeserera a data

(2)Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowunikira deta: Gwiritsani ntchito zida zowunikira za data ndi ma algorithms monga kuphunzira makina, luntha la kupanga, etc. Kuchita zakuya ndi kusanthula kwa deta yoyesera. Zida za data zomwezi zimathandizira ofufuza ndikupeza kulumikizana ndi pafupipafupi pakati pa deta, kuti ofufuza atha kuwunikirana wina ndi mnzake ndipo pamapeto pake zimapangitsa kuti zitheke.

(3)Zojambula za zoyeserera: Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamalonda wa data, zotsatira zoyesera zitha kuperekedwa mwachilengedwe mu ma chart, zifanizo, ndi zina. Izi zimathandizira ochita sayansi kuti amvetsetse zoyeserera ndikupanga zisankho ndi zosintha.

Kudzera mwa makina ogwiritsira ntchito makina ndi kusanthula kwa digito, kusanthula kwanzeru, mwanzeru, kwa anzeru, komanso kudalirika kwa zoyeserera, ndikuthandizira pakupita patsogolo kwa sayansi.

Ⅵ. Chitetezo ndi Malangizo

• ZanyenziMosasamalaHosamba

▶ OtetezekaOkupezekeraGkhala

(1)Maphunziro ndi MaphunziroKupereka maphunziro othandiza komanso ofunikira komanso ophunzirira aliyense wogwira ntchito pangozi, kuphatikizapo koma osakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito azochitika za ngozi zomwe zimachitika, bungwe la labotale ndi kukonza ma labotale tsiku lililonse, etc., Kuonetsetsa kuti antchito ndi ena amvetsetse, amadziwa, ndikutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo a labotale chitetezo.

(2)ZamwiniPwofinyaEmatakokeLemberani zida zoyenera zoteteza payokha mu labotale, monga zovala zodzitchinjiriza za labotale, magolovesi, entc., kuteteza ogwira ntchito a labotale kuchokera kuvulaza zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha zida zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha zida zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha zida zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha zida zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha zida zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha zida zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha zida zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha zida zomwe zingachitike.

(3)MogonjeraOkupiliraPRookedKonzani zoyeserera ndi njira zoyeserera, kuphatikizapo kusungitsa zitsanzo, kuphatikiza njira, kugwiritsa ntchito zida, etc.

▶DchiseyaRma eguuder

(1)Gulu ndi kulembedwa: Malinga ndi malamulo a labotale, malamulo, ndi njira zoyesera, zida zovomerezeka zailesi zimasungidwa ndikulongosola zofunikira zawo kuti zithandizire payilesi komanso zina.

(2)Kusungidwa Kwakanthawi: Pazithunzi za labotale za labotale zomwe zimatha kupanga zinyalala, zosungira kwakanthawi koyenera komanso njira zosungira ziyenera kutengedwa malinga ndi mawonekedwe awo ndi kuchuluka kwa ngozi. Njira zotetezedwa ziyenera kutengedwa kuti zisamalidwe ndi zinthu za labotale kutengera zida zojambulajambula ndikuwonetsetsa kuti sizivulaza malo ozungulira ndi ogwira ntchito.

(3)Kutaya zinyalala: Kusamalira bwino ndikutaya zida zotayidwa mogwirizana ndi malamulo a labotale okwanira. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo kutumiza zinthu zotayidwa kuti zikhale malo othandizira kapena madera omwe amatayidwa, kapena kuwongolera kusungidwa ndi kutaya zinyalala.

Mwa kutsatira mosamala pamayendedwe a labotale ndi njira zotayirira, ogwira ntchito a labotale ndi zachilengedwe zitha kutetezedwa kwambiri kuti zisawonongedwe, ndipo chitetezo komanso kutsatira ntchito labotale kumatsimikiziridwa.

• LthokolaSmakumi

▶ ZoyeneraRma eguuleretions ndipoLthokolaSma tandards

(1)Malangizo Ogwiritsa Ntchito Zogwiritsa Ntchito Zamaulesi: Laborator ayenera kutsatira njira zogwirizira zakuthupi ndi zigawo, kuphatikizapo koma osangokhala ndi malamulo ogula, gwiritsani ntchito, kusungiramo zitsanzo zowonjezera radio.

(2)Malangizo a Laboratory Chitetezo: Kutengera chikhalidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa labotale, kupanga ndi kukhazikitsa makina otetezeka komanso njira zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimatsatira malamulo adziko lonse komanso kudera lanu.

(3) MankhalaRiskMkudandaulaRma eguuder: Ngati labotale imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owopsa, kugwiritsa ntchito miyezo yamankhwala kuyenera kutsatiridwa motsatizana, kuphatikizapo zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito, zosungirako komanso mwalamulo, komanso njira zotayirira mankhwala.

▶ ngoziAsessment ndiMkudandaula

(1)Obwera bweraRiskInspection ndiRiskAsemphoPRooked: Asanalowerere zoyeserera zoopsa, zoopsa zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingakhalepo koyambirira, pakati pa zoyeserera zikugwirizana, kuphatikizapo zoopsa zokhudzana ndi zitsanzo, zida zogwiritsira ntchito, etc., kuti mudziwe njira zofunika kuti muchepetse ngozi. Kuyeserera Kwachiwopsezo ndi Kuyendera Chitetezo kwa labotale kuyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi kuti muthe kuzindikira ndikuthana ndi mavuto, sinthani njira zoyeserera pa nthawi yake, ndikuwongolera gawo la labotale la labotale.

(2)KudzipachikaMkudandaulaMenziritsa: Kutengera ndi zotsatira zoyeserera zokhazokha, zikukula, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zogwirira ntchito zowongolera, kuphatikizapo njira zodzitetezera, mapulani azomwe mwachita mwadzidzidzi, ndi zina mwadzidzidzi njira yoyesera.

Mwa kutsatira malamulo, malangizo oyenera, ndi zokambirana za labotale, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale otetezeka, komanso kupereka maphunziro a labotale, titha kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha labotale, titha kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha labotale, titha kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha labotale momwe mungathere , Tetezani thanzi la ogwira ntchito a labotale, ndikuchepetsa kapena kupewa kuipitsa zachilengedwe.

Ⅶ. Mapeto

Mu labotories kapena madera ena omwe amafunikira chitetezo chokhazikika, mabotolo oimba mipangano ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri, ndipo kufunikira kwawo komanso kusiyanasiyana kwa ARdzioneni nokhaNT. Ngati m'modzi waoyambiliaZotengera zoyezera mayotopees azosoweka, mabotolo opanga zojambula amatenga mbali yofunika kwambiri pakufufuza zasayansi, makampani opanga mankhwala, kuwunika zachilengedwe, ndi minda ina. Kuchokera pa RadioInotope amayeza ku zojambula zamankhwala, ku DNA Sequening ndi milandu ina,Kusintha kwa mabotolo osinthana kumawapangitsa kukhala amodzi mwaZida zofunika mu labotale.

Komabe, ziyeneranso kuzindikira kuti kukhazikika ndi chitetezo ndikofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito mabotolo owumba. Kuchokera kusankha kwa zinthuMakhalidwe, komanso kulingalira, komanso njira zotayirira, tiyenera kulabadira zinthu zachilengedwe zachilengedwe ndi njira zopangira, komanso miyezo yogwirira ntchito bwino komanso oyang'anira zinyalala. Pokhapokha powonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikhale zopindulitsa komanso chitetezo chomwe tingagwiritse ntchito bwino mabotolo owuma, pomwe amateteza chilengedwe ndikuchitchinjiriza thanzi la anthu.

Komabe, kukula kwa mabotolo mabotolo kumaso ndi zovuta komanso mwayi uliwonse. Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo, titha kuoneratu kukula kwa zinthu zatsopano, kugwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe anzeru osiyanasiyana, ndipo kutchuka kwa matope osiyanasiyana, ndipo kutchuka kwa matope azodzima, zomwe zimathandizanso kuyendetsa mabotolo ndi ntchito zamabotolo. Komabe, tiyeneranso kukumana ndi mavuto mu kukhazikika komanso kutetezedwa, monga chitukuko cha zinthu zosafunikira, kukula, kukonza, kukwaniritsa zowongolera zotetezedwa. Pokhapokha pobwera ndi kutsatira njira zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuthana ndi mavuto omwe tingakwaniritse kusakhazikika kwa mabotolo ofufuza zasayansi ndi mafakitale, ndikupereka zopereka zazikulu popita patsogolo kwa anthu.