Nkhaniyi idzayang'ana pa scintillation vials, kufufuza zipangizo ndi mapangidwe, ntchito ndi ntchito, kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe ndi kukhazikika, luso laumisiri, chitetezo, ndi malamulo a mabotolo a scintillation. Pofufuza mitu imeneyi, timvetsetsa mozama za kufunikira kwa kafukufuku wa sayansi ndi ntchito za labotale, ndikuwunika mayendedwe ndi zovuta zamtsogolo zachitukuko.

Ⅰ. Kusankha Zinthu

• PolyethyleneVS. Galasi: Ubwino ndi Kuipa Kuyerekeza

 ▶Polyethylene

Ubwino 

1. Opepuka komanso osasweka mosavuta, oyenera mayendedwe ndi kunyamula.

2. Zotsika mtengo, zosavuta kupanga.

3. Kuchita bwino kwa mankhwala, sikungagwirizane ndi mankhwala ambiri.

4. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito zitsanzo ndi m'munsi radioactivity.

Kuipa

1. Zida za polyethylene zimatha kusokoneza maziko ndi ma isotopu ena otulutsa ma radio

2.Kuwonekera kwakukulu kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuyang'anira zitsanzo.

▶ Galasi

         Ubwino

1. Kuwonekera bwino kwambiri kuti muwone mosavuta zitsanzo

2. Imagwirizana bwino ndi ma isotopu ambiri otulutsa ma radio

3. Imachita bwino mu zitsanzo zokhala ndi ma radioactivity apamwamba ndipo sizimasokoneza zotsatira za kuyeza.

Kuipa

1. Galasi ndi wosalimba ndipo amafunikira kusamalidwa ndi kusungidwa bwino.

2. Mtengo wa zinthu zamagalasi ndi wokwera kwambiri ndipo siwoyenera kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono kuti avomerezeperekani pamlingo waukulu.

3. Zinthu zamagalasi zimatha kusungunuka kapena kuwononga mu mankhwala enaake, zomwe zimadzetsa kuipitsa.

• ZothekaAzovuta zaOawoMzakuthupi

▶ PulasitikiComposites

Kuphatikiza zabwino za ma polima ndi zida zina zolimbikitsira (monga magalasi a fiberglass), imakhala yosunthika komanso yokhazikika komanso yowonekera.

▶ Zinthu Zosawonongeka

Pazitsanzo kapena zochitika zina zotayidwa, zida zowola zitha kuganiziridwa kuti zichepetse kuwononga chilengedwe.

▶ PolymericMzakuthupi

Sankhani zida zoyenera za polima monga polypropylene, poliyesitala, ndi zina zotere malinga ndi zofunikira za kagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti zikwaniritse zosowa zosiyanasiyana za mankhwala komanso kukana dzimbiri.

Ndikofunikira kupanga ndi kupanga mabotolo a scintillation omwe ali ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri komanso kudalirika kwachitetezo poganizira mozama zabwino ndi zovuta za zida zosiyanasiyana komanso zosowa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yogwiritsira ntchito, kuti musankhe zida zoyenera zoyika zitsanzo m'ma laboratories kapena zina. .

Ⅱ. Zojambulajambula

• KusindikizaPkachitidwe

(1)Mphamvu ya ntchito yosindikiza ndiyofunikira pakulondola kwa zotsatira zoyesera. Botolo la scintillation liyenera kuteteza bwino kutayikira kwa zinthu zotulutsa ma radio kapena kulowa kwa zoipitsa zakunja mu zitsanzo kuti zitsimikizire zotsatira zolondola.

(2)Chikoka cha kusankha zinthu pa ntchito yosindikiza.Mabotolo a scintillation opangidwa ndi zinthu za polyethylene nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ntchito yabwino yosindikiza, koma pakhoza kukhala zosokoneza zakumbuyo kwa zitsanzo zapamwamba zama radio. Mosiyana ndi izi, mabotolo a scintillation opangidwa ndi zida zamagalasi amatha kupereka ntchito yabwino yosindikizira komanso kusakhazikika kwamankhwala, kuwapanga kukhala oyenera zitsanzo zapamwamba zama radio.

(3)Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zosindikizira ndi teknoloji yosindikiza. Kuphatikiza pa kusankha zinthu, ukadaulo wosindikiza ndi chinthu chofunikira chomwe chimakhudza kusindikiza ntchito. Njira zosindikizira zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo kuwonjezera ma gaskets a rabara mkati mwa kapu ya botolo, pogwiritsa ntchito zipewa zapulasitiki zosindikizira, ndi zina zotero. Njira yoyenera yosindikizira ingasankhidwe malinga ndi zosowa zoyesera.

• TheImphamvu yaSize ndiShape zaScintillationBottles paPwosankhana mitunduAzovuta

(1)Kusankhidwa kwa kukula kumakhudzana ndi kukula kwachitsanzo mu botolo la scintillation.Kukula kapena mphamvu ya botolo la scintillation liyenera kutsimikiziridwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zitsanzo zomwe ziyenera kuyezedwa pakuyesa. Pazoyesera zokhala ndi zitsanzo zazing'ono, kusankha botolo laling'ono la scintillation kumatha kupulumutsa ndalama zenizeni komanso zitsanzo, ndikuwongolera luso loyesera.

(2)Mphamvu ya mawonekedwe pa kusakaniza ndi kusungunuka.Kusiyana kwa mawonekedwe ndi pansi pa botolo la scintillation kungakhudzenso kusakaniza ndi kusungunuka kwa zotsatira pakati pa zitsanzo panthawi yoyesera. Mwachitsanzo, botolo lozungulira pansi likhoza kukhala loyenera kwambiri kusakaniza machitidwe mu oscillator, pamene botolo lapansi ndiloyenera kupatukana ndi mvula mu centrifuge.

(3)Ntchito zooneka mwapadera. Mabotolo ena apadera opangidwa ndi scintillation, monga mapangidwe apansi okhala ndi grooves kapena spirals, amatha kukulitsa malo olumikizana pakati pa zitsanzo ndi madzi a scintillation ndikukulitsa chidwi cha muyeso.

Popanga ntchito yosindikiza, kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi kuchuluka kwa botolo la scintillation moyenera, zofunikira zoyesera zingatheke kwambiri, kutsimikizira kulondola ndi kudalirika kwa zotsatira zoyesera.

Ⅲ. Cholinga ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito

•  SzasayansiRfufuzani

▶ RadioisotopeMkuchepetsa

(1)Kafukufuku wamankhwala a nyukiliya: Ma flasks a Scintillation amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuyeza kugawa ndi kagayidwe ka isotopi wa radioactive mu zamoyo, monga kugawa ndi kuyamwa kwa mankhwala olembedwa ndi radiolabele. Metabolism ndi excretion process. Miyezo iyi ndi yofunika kwambiri pakuzindikira matenda, kuzindikira njira zochizira, komanso kupanga mankhwala atsopano.

(2)Kafukufuku wa Nuclear Chemistry: Pakuyesa kwa nyukiliya chemistry, ma scintillation flasks amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza zochitika ndi kuchuluka kwa isotopu ya radioactive, kuti aphunzire za mankhwala a zinthu zowunikira, nyukiliya reaction kinetics, ndi njira zowola za radioactive. Izi ndizofunika kwambiri pakumvetsetsa zakuthupi ndi kusintha kwa zida zanyukiliya.

▶Drug-screening

(1)MankhwalaMmetabolicRfufuzani: Ma flasks a scintillation amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kagayidwe kachakudya kagayidwe kachakudya ndi kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni amankhwala azinthu zamoyo. Izi zimathandiza

kuwunika mankhwala omwe angakhale nawo, kukhathamiritsa kapangidwe ka mankhwala, ndikuwunika momwe mankhwalawo alili.

(2)MankhwalaAntchitoEkuwerengera: Mabotolo a Scintillation amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwunika momwe chilengedwe chimagwirira ntchito komanso mphamvu yamankhwala, mwachitsanzo, poyesa kuyanjana pakati pan mankhwala opangidwa ndi radiolabele ndi mamolekyu amayang'ana kuti awunikire anti-chotupa kapena antimicrobial zochita za mankhwala.

▶ Kugwiritsa ntchitoCzinthu monga DNASequencing

(1)Radiolabeling Technology: Mu kafukufuku wa mamolekyulu a biology ndi genomics, mabotolo a scintillation amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza zitsanzo za DNA kapena RNA zolembedwa ndi isotopu ya radioactive. Tekinoloje yolemba ma radioactive iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakutsata kwa DNA, kusakanizidwa kwa RNA, kuyanjana kwa protein-nucleic acid, ndi kuyesa kwina, kupereka zida zofunika pakufufuza kwa jini komanso kuzindikira matenda.

(2)Nucleic Acid Hybridization Technology: Mabotolo a scintillation amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyeza ma siginecha a radioactive mu nucleic acid hybridization reactions. Matekinoloje ambiri okhudzana nawo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire kutsatizana kwa DNA kapena RNA, zomwe zimathandizira ma genomics ndi kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi zolemba.

Kupyolera mukugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mabotolo a scintillation pakufufuza kwasayansi, mankhwalawa amapatsa ogwira ntchito zasayansi njira yolondola koma yodziwika bwino yoyezera ma radioactive, kupereka chithandizo chofunikira pakufufuza kwina kwasayansi ndi zamankhwala.

• IndustrialAzovuta

▶ ThePzovulazaImafakitale

(1)UbwinoClamulirani muDrugPkuyendetsa: Pakupanga mankhwala, mabotolo a scintillation amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira zigawo za mankhwala ndi kuzindikira zinthu za radioactive kuti atsimikizire kuti mankhwala abwino akukwaniritsa zofunikira za miyezo. Izi zikuphatikiza kuyesa ntchito, kukhazikika, komanso kuyera kwa ma isotopi a radioactive, komanso kukhazikika komwe mankhwala amatha kukhalabe pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana.

(2)Chitukuko ndiScreening waNew Dmakapu: Mabotolo a Scintillation amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala kuti ayese kagayidwe, mphamvu, ndi toxicology ya mankhwala. Izi zimathandiza kuyang'ana mankhwala opangidwa ndi anthu omwe angathe kukhala nawo ndikuwongolera momwe angakhalire, kufulumizitsa liwiro ndi mphamvu ya mankhwala atsopano.

▶ EzachilengedweMkuyang'anira

(1)Ma radioactivePkuwonongaMkuyang'anira: Mabotolo a scintillation amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuwunika zachilengedwe, amatenga gawo lofunikira pakuyesa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zowononga ma radioactive mu dothi, chilengedwe chamadzi, komanso mpweya. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika kugawidwa kwa zinthu zotulutsa ma radiation m'chilengedwe, kuwonongeka kwa nyukiliya ku Chengdu, kuteteza moyo wa anthu ndi chitetezo cha katundu, komanso thanzi la chilengedwe.

(2)NyukiliyaWasteTreatment ndiMkuyang'anira: M'makampani opanga mphamvu za nyukiliya, mabotolo a scintillation amagwiritsidwanso ntchito powunika ndikuyesa njira zochotsera zinyalala za nyukiliya. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuyeza ntchito ya zinyalala za radioactive, kuyang'anira mpweya wa radioactive kuchokera kumalo opangira zinyalala, ndi zina zotero, kuti atsimikizire chitetezo ndi kutsatiridwa kwa kayendetsedwe ka zinyalala za nyukiliya.

▶ Zitsanzo zaAzovuta muOawoFminda

(1)GeologicalRfufuzani: Mabotolo a scintillation amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pankhani ya geology kuyeza zomwe zili mu isotopu ya radioactive mu miyala, nthaka, ndi mchere, komanso kuphunzira mbiri ya Dziko lapansi kudzera mu miyeso yolondola. Njira za Geological ndi ma genesis a mineral deposits

(2) In ndiFgawo laFuwuImafakitale, mabotolo a scintillation nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza zomwe zili muzinthu zotulutsa ma radio mu zitsanzo zazakudya zomwe zimapangidwa m'makampani azakudya, pofuna kuyesa chitetezo ndi nkhani zabwino za chakudya.

(3)Ma radiationTmankhwala: Mabotolo a Scintillation amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamankhwala othandizira ma radiation kuyeza mlingo wa radiation wopangidwa ndi zida zochizira ma radiation, kuwonetsetsa kulondola komanso chitetezo panthawi yamankhwala.

Kupyolera mukugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga mankhwala, kuyang'anira chilengedwe, geology, chakudya, ndi zina zotero, mabotolo a scintillation samangopereka njira zoyezera ma radioactive pamafakitale, komanso pazachikhalidwe, zachilengedwe, ndi chikhalidwe, kuonetsetsa thanzi la anthu komanso chikhalidwe ndi chilengedwe. chitetezo.

Ⅳ. Kukhudzidwa Kwachilengedwe ndi Kukhazikika

• KupangaStage

▶ ZinthuSchisankhoCkuyang'aniraSkukhazikika

(1)TheUse waRchothekaMzakuthupi: Popanga mabotolo a scintillation, zinthu zongowonjezedwanso monga mapulasitiki owonongeka kapena ma polima otha kubwezeretsedwanso amaganiziridwanso kuti achepetse kudalira zinthu zochepa zomwe sizingangowonjezeke ndikuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwawo ndi chilengedwe.

(2)Zofunika KwambiriSchisankho chaLuwu-carbonPolutingMzakuthupi: Chofunika kwambiri chiyenera kuperekedwa ku zipangizo zomwe zili ndi mpweya wochepa wa carbon popanga ndi kupanga, monga kuchepetsa kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ndi mpweya woipa kuti muchepetse kulemetsa kwa chilengedwe.

(3) Kubwezeretsanso kwaMzakuthupi: Pakupanga ndi kupanga mabotolo a scintillation, kubwezeretsedwanso kwa zinthu kumaganiziridwa kuti kumalimbikitsa kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi kubwezeretsanso, pomwe kumachepetsa kutulutsa zinyalala ndi kuwononga zinthu.

▶ ZachilengedweImpactAkuwerengera nthawiPkuyendetsaProsi

(1)MoyoCycleAkulingalira: Chitani kuwunika kwa moyo wanu popanga mabotolo a scintillation kuti muwone momwe chilengedwe chimakhudzira panthawi yopanga, kuphatikiza kutayika kwa mphamvu, kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi, ndi zina zambiri, kuti muchepetse zovuta zachilengedwe panthawi yopanga.

(2) Environmental Management System: Tsatirani kasamalidwe ka chilengedwe, monga muyezo wa ISO 14001 (mulingo wovomerezeka padziko lonse lapansi wa kasamalidwe ka chilengedwe womwe umapereka maziko kwa mabungwe kupanga ndi kukhazikitsa njira zoyendetsera chilengedwe ndikusintha mosalekeza momwe amagwirira ntchito zachilengedwe. kuti apitirizebe kuchitapo kanthu kuti achepetse kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe), kukhazikitsa njira zoyendetsera chilengedwe, kuyang'anira ndi kulamulira zowonongeka kwa chilengedwe panthawi yopanga, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito yonse yopangira zinthu ikugwirizana ndi zofunikira za malamulo a chilengedwe ndi miyezo.

(3) ZothandiziraCkuyang'anira ndiEnergyEkuchita bwinoIkupititsa patsogolo: Mwa kukhathamiritsa njira zopangira ndi matekinoloje, kuchepetsa kutayika kwa zopangira ndi mphamvu, kukulitsa luso lakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, ndikuchepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe komanso kutulutsa mpweya wambiri wa kaboni panthawi yopanga.

Popanga mabotolo a scintillation, poganizira zachitukuko chokhazikika, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zopangira zinthu zachilengedwe komanso njira zoyendetsera bwino zopangira, kuwononga chilengedwe kumatha kuchepetsedwa moyenera, kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino chuma ndi chitukuko chokhazikika cha chilengedwe.

• Gwiritsani Ntchito Gawo

▶ WasteManagement

(1)ZoyeneraDkutumiza: Ogwiritsa ntchito akuyenera kutaya zinyalala moyenera akatha kugwiritsa ntchito mabotolo a scintillation, kutaya mabotolo otayidwa otayidwa mu zinyalala zomwe zasankhidwa kapena nkhokwe zobwezeretsanso, ndipo apewe kapenanso kuchotseratu kuipitsidwa komwe kumachitika chifukwa chotaya mwachisawawa kapena kusakanikirana ndi zinyalala zina, zomwe zitha kuwononga chilengedwe. .

(2) GuluRecycling: Mabotolo a scintillation nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito, monga galasi kapena polyethylene. Mabotolo osiyidwa a scintillation amathanso kusankhidwa ndikusinthidwa kuti agwiritsenso ntchito bwino.

(3) ZowopsaWasteTkubwezeretsa: Ngati ma radioactive kapena zinthu zina zovulaza zasungidwa kapena kusungidwa m'mabotolo a scintillation, mabotolo otayidwa a scintillation ayenera kutengedwa ngati zinyalala zowopsa malinga ndi malamulo ndi ndondomeko zoyenera kuonetsetsa chitetezo ndi kutsata malamulo oyenera.

▶ Recyclability ndiReuse

(1)Kubwezeretsanso ndiReprocessing: Mabotolo a Zinyalala a scintillation atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonzanso ndi kukonzanso. Mabotolo obwezerezedwanso a scintillation amatha kukonzedwanso ndi mafakitale apadera obwezeretsanso ndi zida, ndipo zidazo zitha kusinthidwa kukhala mabotolo atsopano a scintillation kapena zinthu zina zapulasitiki.

(2)ZakuthupiReuse: Mabotolo obwezerezedwanso a scintillation omwe ali aukhondo kotheratu ndipo sanaipitsidwe ndi zinthu zotulutsa ma radio atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanganso mabotolo atsopano a scintillation, pomwe mabotolo a scintillation omwe kale anali ndi zoipitsa zina zotulutsa ma radio koma amakwaniritsa miyezo yaukhondo komanso osavulaza thupi la munthu atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito. monga zida zopangira zinthu zina, monga zolembera, zotengera zamagalasi zatsiku ndi tsiku, ndi zina zotero, kuti zitheke kugwiritsanso ntchito zinthu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu.

(3) LimbikitsaniSchokhazikikaCkuyamba: Limbikitsani ogwiritsira ntchito kuti asankhe njira zogwiritsira ntchito, monga kusankha mabotolo a scintillation obwezeretsanso, kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapulasitiki zotayidwa momwe angathere, kuchepetsa kubadwa kwa zinyalala zapulasitiki zotayidwa, kulimbikitsa chuma chozungulira komanso chitukuko chokhazikika.

Kuwongolera moyenera ndikugwiritsa ntchito mabotolo otayira otayira, kulimbikitsa kubwezeretsedwa kwawo ndikugwiritsanso ntchito, kungachepetse kuwononga chilengedwe ndikulimbikitsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera ndi kukonzanso zinthu.

Ⅴ. Zopanga Zamakono

• Kukulitsa Zinthu Zatsopano

▶ BiodegradableMzakuthupi

(1)ZokhazikikaMzakuthupi: Potengera zovuta zachilengedwe zomwe zimachitika popanga zida zamabotolo a scintillation, kupanga zinthu zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka chifukwa chopanga zida zakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Zinthu zosawonongeka zimatha kuwola pang'onopang'ono kukhala zinthu zopanda vuto kwa anthu komanso chilengedwe pambuyo pa moyo wawo wautumiki, zomwe zimachepetsa kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe.

(2)ZovutaFnthawiRkufufuza ndiDchitukuko: Zida zowola zimatha kukumana ndi zovuta malinga ndi makina, kukhazikika kwamankhwala, komanso kuwongolera mtengo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwongolera mosalekeza ukadaulo waukadaulo ndi makina opangira zinthu kuti zipititse patsogolo magwiridwe antchito azinthu zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka ndikuwonjezera moyo wautumiki wazinthu zopangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka.

▶ ndiwanzeruDchizindikiro

(1)AkutaliMonitoring ndiSensorIkuphatikiza: mothandizidwa ndi luso lapamwamba la sensa, kusakanikirana kwa sensa yanzeru ndi kuyang'anira kutali Internet zimaphatikizidwa kuti zizindikire kuwunika kwanthawi yeniyeni, kusonkhanitsa deta ndi kupeza deta yakutali ya zitsanzo zachilengedwe. Kuphatikiza kwanzeru kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti zoyeserera zizichitika zokha, ndipo ogwira ntchito zasayansi ndiukadaulo amathanso kuyang'anira zoyeserera ndi zotsatira zanthawi yeniyeni nthawi iliyonse komanso kulikonse kudzera pazida zam'manja kapena nsanja zapaintaneti, kukonza magwiridwe antchito, kusinthasintha kwa zochitika zoyesera, komanso kulondola. zotsatira zoyesera.

(2)ZambiriAnalysis ndiFeedback: Kutengera zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa ndi zida zanzeru, pangani ma aligorivimu anzeru ndi zitsanzo, ndikukonza ndikusanthula zenizeni zenizeni. Mwa kusanthula mwanzeru deta yoyesera, ofufuza atha kupeza zotsatira zoyeserera munthawi yake, kupanga zosintha zomwe zikugwirizana ndi ndemanga, ndikufulumizitsa kupita patsogolo kwa kafukufuku.

Kupyolera mukupanga zida zatsopano komanso kuphatikiza ndi mapangidwe anzeru, mabotolo a scintillation amakhala ndi msika wochulukirapo wogwiritsa ntchito ndi ntchito zake, kulimbikitsa mosalekeza za makina, luntha, ndi chitukuko chokhazikika cha ntchito za labotale.

• Automation ndiDigitization

▶ Zochita zokhaSzokwaniraPkugudubuza

(1)Automation yaSzokwaniraPkugudubuzaProsi: Popanga mabotolo a scintillation ndi kukonza zitsanzo, zida zodzichitira zokha ndi machitidwe amayambitsidwa, monga zojambulira zitsanzo zokha, malo opangira madzi, ndi zina zambiri, kuti akwaniritse zoyeserera zachitsanzo. Zida zodzichitira zokhazi zitha kuthetsa ntchito zotopetsa za kutsitsa zitsanzo pamanja, kuzisungunula, kusakaniza, ndi kusungunula, kuti apititse patsogolo luso la kuyesa komanso kusasinthika kwa data yoyesera.

(2)ZadzidzidziSkukulitsaSdongosolo: okonzeka ndi dongosolo basi sampuli, akhoza kukwaniritsa zosonkhanitsira basi ndi processing wa zitsanzo, potero kuchepetsa zolakwa ntchito Buku ndi kuwongolera chitsanzo liwiro processing ndi kulondola. Dongosolo lachitsanzo lodziyimira pawokha litha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsanzo zosiyanasiyana ndi zochitika zoyeserera, monga kusanthula kwamankhwala, kafukufuku wazachilengedwe, ndi zina zambiri.

▶ DetaManagement ndiAnalysis

(1)Digitization of Experimental Data: Kuyika pa digito kasamalidwe ndi kasamalidwe ka data yoyeserera, ndikukhazikitsa dongosolo logwirizana loyang'anira deta ya digito. Pogwiritsa ntchito Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) kapena pulogalamu yoyeserera ya data, kujambula zokha, kusungirako, ndi kubweza zoyeserera zitha kutheka, kuwongolera kutsatiridwa kwa data ndi chitetezo.

(2)Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zida Zosanthula Data: Gwiritsani ntchito zida zowunikira deta ndi ma aligorivimu monga kuphunzira pamakina, luntha lochita kupanga, ndi zina zambiri kuti muzichita migodi mozama ndikusanthula deta yoyeserera. Zida zowunikira detazi zingathandize bwino ochita kafukufuku kufufuza ndikupeza kugwirizana ndi kukhazikika pakati pa deta zosiyanasiyana, kuchotsa mfundo zamtengo wapatali zobisika pakati pa deta, kotero kuti ochita kafukufuku angathe kupereka chidziwitso kwa wina ndi mzake ndipo pamapeto pake amapeza zotsatira zolingalira.

(3)Kuwona Zotsatira Zakuyesa: Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wowonera deta, zotsatira zoyeserera zitha kuperekedwa mwachidziwitso ngati ma chart, zithunzi, ndi zina zambiri, potero kuthandiza oyesera kumvetsetsa ndikusanthula tanthauzo ndi machitidwe a data yoyesera. Izi zimathandiza ofufuza asayansi kumvetsetsa bwino zotsatira zoyesera ndikupanga zisankho zofananira ndikusintha.

Kupyolera mu makina opangira zitsanzo ndi kasamalidwe ka deta ya digito ndi kusanthula, ntchito ya labotale yogwira mtima, yanzeru, komanso yozikidwa pazidziwitso zitha kukwaniritsidwa, kuwongolera zoyeserera komanso kudalirika kwa zoyeserera, komanso kulimbikitsa kupita patsogolo ndi luso la kafukufuku wasayansi.

Ⅵ. Chitetezo ndi Malamulo

• Ma radioactiveMzakuthupiHndi

▶ OtetezekaOperationGuwu

(1)Maphunziro ndi Maphunziro: Kupereka maphunziro otetezeka komanso ofunikira okhudzana ndi chitetezo kwa aliyense wogwira ntchito mu labotale, kuphatikiza koma osalekeza njira zotetezeka zopangira zida zopangira ma radioactive, njira zoyankhira mwadzidzidzi pakagwa ngozi, bungwe lachitetezo ndi kukonza zida za labotale zatsiku ndi tsiku, ndi zina zotero. kuwonetsetsa kuti ogwira ntchito ndi ena amvetsetsa, akudziwa bwino, ndikutsata mosamalitsa malangizo achitetezo a labotale.

(2)PayekhaPwotetezaEzida: Khalani ndi zida zodzitetezera zoyenera mu labotale, monga zovala zodzitetezera ku labotale, magolovesi, magalasi, ndi zina zotero, kuteteza ogwira ntchito mu labotale ku zoopsa zomwe zingabwere chifukwa cha zida zotulutsa ma radio.

(3)WotsatiraOperatingPmachitidwe: Khazikitsani njira zoyesera zokhazikika komanso zokhazikika, kuphatikiza kasamalidwe ka zitsanzo, njira zoyezera, kugwiritsa ntchito zida, ndi zina zambiri, kuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zokhala ndi ma radioactive zikugwiritsidwa ntchito motetezeka komanso movomerezeka.

▶ ZinyalalaDkutumizaRmalamulo

(1)Gulu ndi Kulemba zilembo: Molingana ndi malamulo ofunikira a labotale, malamulo, ndi njira zoyesera zoyeserera, zida zotayirira zotayidwa zimayikidwa m'gulu ndikulembedwa kuti zimveketse bwino kuchuluka kwa ma radioactivity ndi zofunikira pakukonza, kuti zipereke chitetezo cha moyo kwa ogwira ntchito mu labotale ndi ena.

(2)Kusungirako kwakanthawi: Pazitsanzo za ma labotale a radioactive zomwe zingapangitse zinyalala, njira zoyenera zosungirako kwakanthawi ndi kusungirako ziyenera kutengedwa molingana ndi mikhalidwe yawo komanso kuopsa kwake. Njira zodzitetezera mwachindunji ziyenera kutsatiridwa pa zitsanzo za labotale kuti ziteteze kutayikira kwa zida zotulutsa ma radio ndikuwonetsetsa kuti sizikuwononga chilengedwe komanso ogwira ntchito.

(3)Kutaya Zinyalala Motetezedwa: Gwirani mosamala ndikutaya zida zotayidwa ndi ma radioactive motsatira malamulo ndi miyezo yoyendetsera zinyalala za labotale. Izi zingaphatikizepo kutumiza zinthu zotayidwa kumalo apadera osungira zinyalala kapena madera oti zidzatayidwe, kapena kusunga bwino ndi kutaya zinyalala za radioactive.

Potsatira mosamalitsa malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito chitetezo cha labotale ndi njira zotayira zinyalala, ogwira ntchito ku labotale ndi chilengedwe akhoza kutetezedwa kwambiri ku kuipitsidwa kwa radioactive, ndipo chitetezo ndi kutsata ntchito za labotale zitha kutsimikizika.

• LlabotaleSafety

▶ ZoyeneraRmalamulo ndiLlabotaleSmiyezo

(1)Malamulo a Kasamalidwe ka Ma radioactive Material Management Regulations: Ma labotale akuyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa njira ndi miyezo yoyendetsera zinthu za radioactive m'dziko ndi m'madera, kuphatikizapo malamulo okhudza kugula, kugwiritsa ntchito, kusunga, ndi kutaya zitsanzo za radioactive.

(2)Lab Laboratory Safety Management Regulations: Kutengera mtundu ndi kukula kwa labotale, pangani ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezera ndi njira zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimagwirizana ndi malamulo oyendetsera chitetezo cha labotale mdziko lonse komanso m'chigawo, kuonetsetsa chitetezo ndi thanzi la ogwira ntchito ku labotale.

(3) ChemicalRiskManagementRmalamulo: Ngati labotale ikukhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owopsa, malamulo okhudzana ndi kasamalidwe ka mankhwala ndi miyezo yogwiritsira ntchito ziyenera kutsatiridwa mosamalitsa, kuphatikiza zofunika pakugula, kusungirako, kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera komanso mwalamulo, komanso njira zotayira mankhwala.

▶ KuopsaAmayeso ndiManagement

(1)WokhazikikaRiskIkuyang'ana ndiRiskAkulingaliraPmachitidwe: Asanayambe kuyesa zowopsa, zoopsa zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingakhalepo koyambirira, zapakati, ndi pambuyo pake ziyenera kuwunikiridwa, kuphatikiza zoopsa zokhudzana ndi zitsanzo za mankhwala okha, zida zotulutsa ma radiation, zoopsa zachilengedwe, ndi zina zambiri, kuti adziwe ndi kutenga njira zofunika kuchepetsa zoopsa. Kuwunika kwachiwopsezo ndikuwunika kwachitetezo cha labotale kuyenera kuchitika pafupipafupi kuti adziwe ndikuthana ndi zoopsa zomwe zingachitike komanso zowonekera, kukonzanso njira zoyendetsera chitetezo ndi njira zoyeserera munthawi yake, ndikuwongolera chitetezo chantchito ya labotale.

(2)ZowopsaManagementMzosavuta: Kutengera zotsatira zowunika zoopsa zomwe zimachitika nthawi zonse, pangani, sinthani, ndikukhazikitsa njira zoyendetsera ngozi zomwe zikugwirizana nazo, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodzitetezera, njira zopumira mpweya m'ma labotale, njira zoyendetsera ngozi za labotale, mapulani oyankha ngozi, ndi zina zotero, kuonetsetsa chitetezo ndi bata panthawi njira yoyesera.

Mwa kutsatira mosamalitsa malamulo oyenera, malamulo, ndi njira zopezera ma labotale, ndikuwunika kuwunika kowopsa komanso kasamalidwe ka labotale, komanso kupereka maphunziro achitetezo ndi maphunziro kwa ogwira ntchito za labotale, titha kuwonetsetsa kuti chitetezo ndi kutsata ntchito za labotale momwe tingathere. , kuteteza thanzi la ogwira ntchito m’ma laboratories, ndiponso kuchepetsa kapenanso kupewa kuipitsidwa ndi chilengedwe.

Ⅶ. Mapeto

M'ma laboratories kapena madera ena omwe amafunikira chitetezo chokhazikika, mabotolo a scintillation ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri, ndipo kufunikira kwawo komanso kusiyanasiyana kwawo pakuyesa.ndi kudziwonetserant. Monga mmodzi wachachikuluzotengera zoyezera ma isotopu a radioactive, mabotolo a scintillation amatenga gawo lofunikira pakufufuza kwasayansi, makampani opanga mankhwala, kuwunika zachilengedwe, ndi zina. Kuchokera ku radioactivekuyeza kwa isotope pakuwunika mankhwala, kutsata ma DNA ndi milandu ina yogwiritsira ntchito,kusinthasintha kwa mabotolo a scintillation kumawapangitsa kukhala amodzi mwazida zofunika mu labotale.

Komabe, ziyenera kuzindikirikanso kuti kukhazikika ndi chitetezo ndizofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito mabotolo a scintillation. Kuchokera pakusankha zinthu mpaka kupangaMakhalidwe, komanso malingaliro pakupanga, kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi kutayira, tiyenera kulabadira zinthu zoteteza zachilengedwe ndi njira zopangira, komanso miyezo yoyendetsera bwino komanso kasamalidwe ka zinyalala. Pokhapokha pakuwonetsetsa kukhazikika ndi chitetezo tingathe kugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira ntchito yabwino ya mabotolo a scintillation, ndikuteteza chilengedwe ndikuteteza thanzi la anthu.

Kumbali inayi, kupanga mabotolo a scintillation kumakumana ndi zovuta komanso mwayi. Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo, titha kuwoneratu kukula kwa zida zatsopano, kugwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe anzeru m'mbali zosiyanasiyana, komanso kutchuka kwa makina opangira makina ndi makina a digito, zomwe zingapititse patsogolo magwiridwe antchito ndi magwiridwe antchito a mabotolo a scintillation. Komabe, tifunikanso kukumana ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi kukhazikika ndi chitetezo, monga kupanga zinthu zowonongeka, kupititsa patsogolo, kukonza, ndi kukhazikitsa ndondomeko zoyendetsera chitetezo. Pokhapokha pogonjetsa ndi kuyankha mwakhama ku zovuta zomwe tingathe kukwaniritsa chitukuko chokhazikika cha mabotolo a scintillation mu kafukufuku wa sayansi ndi ntchito za mafakitale, ndikupereka chithandizo chochuluka pakupita patsogolo kwa anthu.