Mawu Oyamba

Machubu otayika otayika a ulusi amatenga gawo lofunikira pakugwirira ntchito kwa labotale.Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kolondola sikumangolepheretsa kuipitsidwa kwachitsanzo, kuipitsidwa ndi kutayika kwa zitsanzo, komanso kumatsimikizira kulondola ndi kudalirika kwa deta yoyesera. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa bwino njira yoyendetsera ntchito kuti muwonetsetse kuti zoyeserera zili bwino.

Chitsogozochi chimagwira ntchito pamachitidwe opangira ma chubu otayika omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chikhalidwe cha ma cell, kuyesa kwa microbiology, kuyesa kwachipatala ndi zina.

Kukonzekera Musanagwiritse Ntchito

Kukonzekera kokwanira musanayambe kuyesa ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti machubu a chikhalidwe cha ulusi atha kutha. Choyamba, kukhulupirika kwa zotengera zakunja kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala ngati pali kusweka kapena kulephera kwa chisindikizo, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti machubu azikhala osalimba. Machubu opakidwa bwino amayenera kusungidwa pamalo owuma, aukhondo kuti apewe chinyezi kapena kuipitsidwa.

Mkhalidwe wotseketsa sayenera kunyalanyazidwa. Machubu otayirapo opangira ulusi wopangidwa ndi opanga nthawi zonse amakhala otsekedwa ndi gamma irradiation kapena ethylene oxide, ndipo phukusili liyenera kukhala ndi chizindikiro chodziwikiratu komanso tsiku lotha ntchito. Ogwira ntchito ku labotale ayang'ane njira yotsekera ndi tsiku lotha ntchito yake kuti atsimikizire kuti machubu ali m'malo abwino oti agwiritsidwe ntchito.

Zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha zofunikira:

1. Kusankha mawu: Machubu a 15ml amatha kusankhidwa kuti ayesedwe mwachizolowezi, pamene kukula kwa 50ml kumalimbikitsidwa pa chikhalidwe chachikulu.
2. Makhalidwe akuthupi: zinthu za polypropylene ndizopanda kutentha kwambiri, zoyenerera kutentha kwapakati; zinthu za polystyrene ndizowonekera kwambiri, zosavuta kuziwona.
3. Zofunikira zapadera: Pazoyesera zapadera, monga kusungirako kutentha pang'ono, muyenera kusankha zipangizo zotsika kutentha.

Ogwira ntchito mu labotale ayenera kusankha mtundu woyenera kwambiri wa chubu wa chikhalidwe molingana ndi miyeso yoyesera, poganizira zofunikira za mphamvu yapakati, kuyanjana kwamankhwala ndi zina. Ndibwino kuti tikhazikitse ndondomeko yoyendetsera ntchito yosankha zinthu za labotale kuti zitsimikizire kusasinthasintha ndi kubwereza zoyesera.

Njira Yolondola

1. Kumasula katundu

• Tsegulani machubu a chikhalidwe pamalo abwino ogwirira ntchito kuti muwonetsetse kuti palibe kuipitsidwa kwakunja pakugwiritsa ntchito.
• Valani magulovu osabala kapena gwiritsani ntchito ma tweezers osabala kuti muchotse machubu mukamamasula kuti musakumane ndi malo ovuta.

2. Spiking ntchito

• Ndizoletsedwa kukhudza khoma lamkati la orifice kapena kapu yamkati ya chivundikiro panthawi yodzaza kuti muteteze kuyambitsidwa kwa magwero oipitsidwa.
• Voliyumu iyenera kuwongoleredwa powonjezera zitsanzo zamadzimadzi ndipo zisapitirire kuchuluka kwake kuti zipewe kutayikira kapena kusasindikiza bwino kwa zitsanzo panthawi yogwira ntchito.

3. Njira yosindikizira

• Chophimbacho chiyenera kumangidwa pambuyo powonjezera chitsanzo kuti chisindikizo chisindikize. Kusindikiza kumatha kutsimikiziridwa ndikuwonetsetsa pang'onopang'ono kutayikira kulikonse.
• Samalani ndi mphamvu yokhotakhota pang'ono kuti mupewe mphamvu zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ulusi uwonongeke kapena kusweka, zomwe zingakhudze kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kapena kusindikiza.

4. Kulemba ndi kujambula

• Gwiritsani ntchito malembo osagwirizana ndi zosungunulira, osalowa madzi, kapena zolembera kuti mulembe bwino zazatsanzo pamalo aukhondo, owuma a chubu.
• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala olembedwa wamba kapena zolembera za inki zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka ndi chinyezi pofuna kupewa kutayika kwa chidziwitso pakusunga.

Kusamala Pogwiritsidwa Ntchito

1. Kupewa kuipitsidwa

• Zoyeserera ziyenera kuchitidwa pamalo oyera, opanda fumbi, pa benchi yoyera kwambiri kapena kabati yoteteza zachilengedwe ndikulimbikitsidwa.
• Chepetsani nthawi yomasula machubu a chikhalidwe, ndipo ntchitoyo iyenera kukhala yofulumira komanso yokhazikika kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chowonekera.
• Machubu odziyimira pawokha achikhalidwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamtundu uliwonse wa zitsanzo, ndipo kusakaniza ndikoletsedwa kuti tipewe kuipitsidwa ndi kusokoneza zotsatira zoyeserera.

2. Centrifugation ndi kusunga

• Pamaso pa centrifugation, onetsetsani kuti wononga kapu ndi screwed pa mwamphamvu kuteteza chitsanzo kuchucha; panganinso ma symmetrical leveling mu centrifuge kupewa kusalinganika kwamakina.
• Posunga, machubu amayenera kuyikidwa pamalo owongoka kuti asatayike chifukwa choyika mopingasa. Pewani kuyika machubu pa kutentha kwakukulu, kuwala kowala kapena malo a chinyezi kuti musasokoneze kukhazikika kwa zitsanzo ndi machitidwe a machubu.

3. Kusamalira zitsanzo zapadera

• Pazitsanzo zokhala ndi zosungunulira zosasunthika, zosungunulira organic kapena zinthu zowononga kwambiri, payenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito njira yapadera yolimbana ndi mankhwala.
• Pa cryopreservation, gwiritsani ntchito machubu a cryopreservation omwe sagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kochepa; machubu wamba omwe amatha kutaya amatha kukhala osasunthika kapena kutayikira pakatentha kwambiri.

Zoyenera Kuchita Mukamaliza Kugwiritsa Ntchito

1. Kusintha kwachitetezo chachilengedwe

• Machubu achikhalidwe omwe ali ndi zitsanzo zopatsirana, zomwe zitha kukhala zowopsa kapena zowopsa kwambiri zachilengedwe ziyenera kukhala zodziwikiratu kapena kutsekedwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo tomwe timagwira ntchito molingana ndi zofunikira za labotale yachitetezo asanatayidwe ngati zinyalala.
• Machubu a chikhalidwe otayidwa akuyenera kuikidwa mu bilu ya zinyalala za “pulasitiki zoipitsidwa ndi bio” molingana ndi gulu la zinyalala zowopsa za labotale, ndipo zisasakanizidwe ndi zinyalala wamba kuti zitayidwe.

2. Malingaliro a chilengedwe

• Ikani patsogolo machubu a chikhalidwe opangidwa ndi zinthu zobwezerezedwanso ndikuchita nawo pulogalamu yobwezeretsanso ndi kutaya chilengedwe pazakudya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma laboratories ngati ziloleza.
• Chepetsani kuwononga zinthu zosafunikira, limbikitsani kugwiritsa ntchito zotayidwa mwanzeru poganizira zachitetezo, ndikulimbikitsa kumanga ma laboratories obiriwira.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

1. Kodi ndingatani ngati sindingathe kumangitsa kapu?

Choyamba fufuzani kuti ulusiwo walumikizidwa bwino komanso kuti palibe zinthu zakunja zomwe zakhazikika mu ulusiwo. Osaumiriza ulusi kumasula chifukwa izi zitha kuwononga mphuno kapena kapu. Ngati ikalephera kusindikiza, chubu cha chikhalidwe chiyenera kusinthidwa ndi chatsopano.

2. Kodi machubu otayika achikhalidwe angagwiritsidwenso ntchito?

Kugwiritsa ntchito mobwerezabwereza sikuvomerezeka. Kusindikiza ndi kusalimba kwa machubu otayika sikungatsimikizidwe mukagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kungayambitse kuipitsidwa, zotsatira zokondera, kapena kuwonongeka kwa machubu.

3. Ndiyenera kuchita chiyani ngati ndikudontha ndikutulutsa mkati mwa centrifuging?

Onetsetsani kuti chivundikirocho chatsekedwa mwamphamvu ndikumata bwino, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti machubu achikhalidwe adawongoleredwa bwino asanayambe centrifugation. Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito liwiro lopitilira centrifugal lomwe machubu amawunikiridwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, sankhani chubu chapadera cha centrifuge chosagwira ntchito ngati njira ina.

Mapeto

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kovomerezeka kwa machubu otayirapo wononga ulusi ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri kuti muwonetsetse kulondola kwa zotsatira zoyesera, chitetezo cha zitsanzo ndi kudalirika kwa ntchito. Kutsatira mosamalitsa miyezo yoyendetsera ntchito ndi zofunikira zachitetezo chachilengedwe, kaya ndi kusonkhanitsa zitsanzo, kagwiridwe, kasungidwe kapena kutaya, ndiye chitsimikizo chofunikira pakuwongolera zoyeserera ndikuchepetsa zoopsa.

Ndikofunikira kuti akatswiri a labotale agwiritse ntchito machubu apamwamba kwambiri okhala ndi chisindikizo chabwino, kukana kwamankhwala komanso kutentha komwe kumayendera malinga ndi zosowa zawo zoyeserera, kuti apititse patsogolo luso lazoyeserera ndikuzindikira kusamalidwa kosatha kwazinthu zasayansi.